Death by Water: Precautionary Water Submersion for Intravitreal Injection of Retinoblastoma Eyes
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Death by Water: Precautionary Water Submersion for Intravitreal Injection of Retinoblastoma Eyes
There is growing interest in intravitreal injections of chemotherapy for retinoblastoma. However, concerns for potential tumor seeding through the needle track has prompted the use of risk-reducing precautionary methods. Presented here is a novel technique, which can be easily replicated, requires minimal sophisticated equipment and with laboratory data supporting its concept. Sterile distilled...
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Stability of melphalan solution for intravitreal injection for retinoblastoma.
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Vitreous seeding is one of the primary reasons for treatment failure following conservative management of retinoblastoma.1,2 In our hands, until early 2006, most children with recurrent vitreous seeding were managed with plaque radiotherapy, external beam radiotherapy, or enucleation.1,2 In 2006, following the initial experience of Kaneko and Suzuki in Japan,3 we performed the first intravitrea...
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In an engineering context the precautionary principle is often perceived as an excuse to do nothing or a substantial barrier to technical progress. The precautionary principle requires that remedial measures be taken in situations of scientific uncertainty where evidence of harm cannot be proven but potential damage to human or environmental health is significant. In this paper the scope of the...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: The Open Ophthalmology Journal
سال: 2014
ISSN: 1874-3641
DOI: 10.2174/1874364101408010007